摘要

伊朗里海森林缝隙形成后光和土壤物理指标的变化

作者(年代):Yahya Kooch, Seyed Mohsen Hosseini, Jahangard Mohammadi, Seyed Mohammad Hojjati

为了加深我们对林冠开口在天然林中光和土壤物理指标变化中的作用的理解，在天然山毛榉(Fagus orientalis Lipsky)占主导地位的天然林及其周围进行了一个案例研究。这项研究在位于伊朗北部马赞达兰省温带森林的Tarbiat Modares大学实验森林站的20公顷区域进行。通过实地考察，在研究区发现了21个不同面积的林冠间隙，分为小林冠间隙(85.12 m2)、中林冠间隙(325.21 m2)、大林冠间隙(512.11 m2)和超大林冠间隙(723.85 m2)。在距离地面1.00 m处，用一个ceptometer (LI 250USA)测量透光率，仪器水平放置。在距林隙中心、林隙边缘和封闭冠层0 - 15、15 - 30和30 - 45cm深度处，利用截面为81cm2的芯土取样器采集土壤样品。体积密度，土壤质地和湿度在实验室测量。考虑方差分析，透光量随林隙面积的增加呈上升趋势。而且，该性状从间隙边缘向中心位置显著增加。不同盖度林冠的容重差异不显著。但在30 - 45cm深度、缝隙中心和边缘位置的投入最多。在冠层间隙、间隙中心和边缘位置以及土壤上层发现了大量的沙子。 Significant statistical difference weren’t showed for silt character in different areas of canopy gaps, but the most were found in closed canopy and beneath depths.Mediumareas of canopy gaps, closed canopy and 30 - 45cm soil depth had the higher amounts of clay. Greater values of soil moisture devoted in small areas of canopy cover and closed canopy, but significant differencesweren’t found in soil depths. These results further our understanding of the abiotic and consequent biotic responses to gaps in broadleaved deciduous forests created by natural treefalls, and provide a useful basis for evaluating the implications of forest management practices.