摘要

地质2016:纳米技术在重金属污染土壤修复中的应用

作者(年代):Mohamed Ibrahim Dosouky Helal开罗大学，埃及

土壤重金属污染是一个重要的世界性环境问题。在污染土壤中种植的作物往往含有大量的重金属(Cd、Pb等)，这些重金属会损害人体健康。目前用于污染土壤修复的污染物去除、污染物稳定/固化、玻璃化、土壤盖层等技术还不完善。更聪明、更便宜的技术仍有待开发，以净化被污染的土壤。本研究采用纳米技术固定化污染土壤中的重金属，其中纳米颗粒;采用纳米级零价铁、膨润土- nzvi、纳米褐藻石、纳米碳和树枝状大分子作为固定剂。从埃及不同地点收集的6个土壤样本被污水污泥、工业废物或汽车尾气污染，用纳米固定化剂以0.1、0.5和1%的三种速率处理。处理后的土壤样品孵育两个月，进行8次干湿循环。在培养期结束时，分析土壤中Cd和Pb的总含量、利用DTPA溶液提取的植物有效含量以及各种化学组分。结果表明，所有纳米固定化剂均能有效降低DTPA萃取物cd和Pb的含量。 The magnitude of the reduction varied as both agent and rate of application varied. The efficiency of the tested nano-agents to immobilize Cd and Pb increased as the rate of application increased. The sequential extraction experiment showed that, nano immobilizing agents successfully altered Cd and Pb from mobile to immobile form as the exchangeable Cd and Pb significantly decreased in all tested soils, whereas, carbonate- and oxides- boundCd and-Pb significantly increased. Also, the results of the pot experiment showed that application of nano-materials to polluted soils at rates of 1% and 2% significantly increased fresh and dry weight of crop Garden Rocket (Eruca sativa) and decreased uptake of Cd and Pb